netcdf regcmdata/NCEP/psw/Monthly/RegCM3_Monthly_psw_NCEP.ncml { dimensions: x = 138; y = 139; time = 576; variables: float time(time=576); :long_name = "time_coordinate"; :units = "days since 1900-01-01"; :actual_range = 24851.0f, 42352.0f; // float :axis = "T"; :standard_name = "time"; :_CoordinateAxisType = "time"; double y(y=139); :long_name = "y-coordinate"; :actual_range = -1027.5, 1042.5; // double :grid_spacing = 15.0f; // float :units = "km"; :axis = "Y"; :standard_name = "projection_y_coordinate"; double x(x=138); :long_name = "x-coordinate"; :actual_range = -1020.0, 1035.0; // double :grid_spacing = 15.0f; // float :units = "km"; :axis = "X"; :standard_name = "projection_x_coordinate"; char Lambert_Conformal; :grid_mapping_name = "lambert_conformal_conic"; :standard_parallel = 30.0, 60.0; // double :longitude_of_central_meridian = -118.69999694824219; // double :latitude_of_projection_origin = 35.0; // double float xlat(y=139, x=138); :long_name = "latitude"; :units = "degrees_north"; :actual_range = 25.151903f, 44.662544f; // float :_CoordinateAxisType = "Lat"; float xlon(y=139, x=138); :long_name = "longitude"; :units = "degrees_east"; :actual_range = -131.89381f, -105.31573f; // float :_CoordinateAxisType = "Lon"; float CA1(time=576, y=139, x=138); :long_name = "Convection 1"; :units = "count < 2. mm"; :valid_range = -1.0f, 1500.0f; // float :missing_value = -999.0f; // float :_FillValue = -999.0f; // float :actual_range = 0.0f, 48.0f; // float :coordinates = "xlat xlon"; :grid_mapping = "Lambert_Conformal"; float CA2(time=576, y=139, x=138); :long_name = "Convection 2"; :units = "count >= 2. mm"; :valid_range = -1.0f, 1500.0f; // float :missing_value = -999.0f; // float :_FillValue = -999.0f; // float :actual_range = 0.0f, 120.0f; // float :coordinates = "xlat xlon"; :grid_mapping = "Lambert_Conformal"; float CDD(time=576, y=139, x=138); :long_name = "Cooling Deg Days Base 22C"; :units = "CDD"; :valid_range = 0.0f, 10000.0f; // float :missing_value = -999.0f; // float :_FillValue = -999.0f; // float :actual_range = 0.0f, 573.5874f; // float :coordinates = "xlat xlon"; :grid_mapping = "Lambert_Conformal"; float DRAG(time=576, y=139, x=138); :long_name = "Surface Drag Stress"; :units = "si"; :valid_range = -1.0f, 1.0f; // float :missing_value = -999.0f; // float :_FillValue = -999.0f; // float :actual_range = 0.0010078263f, 0.1604676f; // float :coordinates = "xlat xlon"; :grid_mapping = "Lambert_Conformal"; float ET(time=576, y=139, x=138); :long_name = "Evapotranspiration"; :units = "mm/day"; :valid_range = -5.0f, 150.0f; // float :missing_value = -999.0f; // float :_FillValue = -999.0f; // float :actual_range = -1.2981876f, 14.136423f; // float :coordinates = "xlat xlon"; :grid_mapping = "Lambert_Conformal"; float GDD10(time=576, y=139, x=138); :long_name = "Growing Deg Days Base 10C"; :units = "GDD"; :valid_range = 0.0f, 10000.0f; // float :missing_value = -999.0f; // float :_FillValue = -999.0f; // float :actual_range = 0.0f, 945.5872f; // float :coordinates = "xlat xlon"; :grid_mapping = "Lambert_Conformal"; float GDD5(time=576, y=139, x=138); :long_name = "Growing Deg Days Base 5C"; :units = "GDD"; :valid_range = 0.0f, 10000.0f; // float :missing_value = -999.0f; // float :_FillValue = -999.0f; // float :actual_range = 0.0f, 1100.5872f; // float :coordinates = "xlat xlon"; :grid_mapping = "Lambert_Conformal"; float HDD(time=576, y=139, x=138); :long_name = "Heating Deg Days Base 15.5C"; :units = "HDD"; :valid_range = 0.0f, 10000.0f; // float :missing_value = -999.0f; // float :_FillValue = -999.0f; // float :actual_range = 0.0f, 1111.4106f; // float :coordinates = "xlat xlon"; :grid_mapping = "Lambert_Conformal"; float LWD(time=576, y=139, x=138); :long_name = "Downward Longwave"; :units = "W/m2"; :valid_range = -300.0f, 750.0f; // float :missing_value = -999.0f; // float :_FillValue = -999.0f; // float :actual_range = 172.04185f, 441.82996f; // float :coordinates = "xlat xlon"; :grid_mapping = "Lambert_Conformal"; float LWN(time=576, y=139, x=138); :long_name = "Net Longwave"; :units = "W/m2"; :valid_range = -300.0f, 750.0f; // float :missing_value = -999.0f; // float :_FillValue = -999.0f; // float :actual_range = 2.5935204f, 172.29413f; // float :coordinates = "xlat xlon"; :grid_mapping = "Lambert_Conformal"; float P2_10(time=576, y=139, x=138); :long_name = "2 GT P LT 10 mm/3hr"; :units = "count"; :valid_range = 0.0f, 130.0f; // float :missing_value = -999.0f; // float :_FillValue = -999.0f; // float :actual_range = 0.0f, 130.0f; // float :coordinates = "xlat xlon"; :grid_mapping = "Lambert_Conformal"; float P2(time=576, y=139, x=138); :long_name = "P LT 2 mm/3hr"; :units = "count"; :valid_range = 0.0f, 130.0f; // float :missing_value = -999.0f; // float :_FillValue = -999.0f; // float :actual_range = 0.0f, 130.0f; // float :coordinates = "xlat xlon"; :grid_mapping = "Lambert_Conformal"; float PSMIN(time=576, y=139, x=138); :long_name = "Min Surface Pressure"; :units = "hPa"; :valid_range = 300.0f, 1500.0f; // float :missing_value = -999.0f; // float :_FillValue = -999.0f; // float :actual_range = 651.8113f, 1028.6997f; // float :coordinates = "xlat xlon"; :grid_mapping = "Lambert_Conformal"; float PSRF(time=576, y=139, x=138); :long_name = "Surface Pressure"; :units = "hPa"; :valid_range = 300.0f, 1500.0f; // float :missing_value = -999.0f; // float :_FillValue = -999.0f; // float :actual_range = 652.23065f, 1028.9998f; // float :coordinates = "xlat xlon"; :grid_mapping = "Lambert_Conformal"; float P_100(time=576, y=139, x=138); :long_name = "P GT 100 mm/3hr"; :units = "count"; :valid_range = 0.0f, 130.0f; // float :missing_value = -999.0f; // float :_FillValue = -999.0f; // float :actual_range = 0.0f, 52.0f; // float :coordinates = "xlat xlon"; :grid_mapping = "Lambert_Conformal"; float P_10_25(time=576, y=139, x=138); :long_name = "10 GT P LT 25 mm/3hr"; :units = "count"; :valid_range = 0.0f, 130.0f; // float :missing_value = -999.0f; // float :_FillValue = -999.0f; // float :actual_range = 0.0f, 103.0f; // float :coordinates = "xlat xlon"; :grid_mapping = "Lambert_Conformal"; float P_25_50(time=576, y=139, x=138); :long_name = "25 GT P LT 50 mm/3hr"; :units = "count"; :valid_range = 0.0f, 130.0f; // float :missing_value = -999.0f; // float :_FillValue = -999.0f; // float :actual_range = 0.0f, 91.0f; // float :coordinates = "xlat xlon"; :grid_mapping = "Lambert_Conformal"; float P_50_100(time=576, y=139, x=138); :long_name = "50 GT P LT 100 mm/3hr"; :units = "count"; :valid_range = 0.0f, 130.0f; // float :missing_value = -999.0f; // float :_FillValue = -999.0f; // float :actual_range = 0.0f, 68.0f; // float :coordinates = "xlat xlon"; :grid_mapping = "Lambert_Conformal"; float QA(time=576, y=139, x=138); :long_name = "Aneom Specific Humidity"; :units = "kg/kg"; :valid_range = -1.0E-5f, 0.2f; // float :missing_value = -999.0f; // float :_FillValue = -999.0f; // float :actual_range = 9.836478E-4f, 0.021955375f; // float :coordinates = "xlat xlon"; :grid_mapping = "Lambert_Conformal"; float RB(time=576, y=139, x=138); :long_name = "Soil Base Flow"; :units = "mm/day"; :valid_range = -10.0f, 2000.0f; // float :missing_value = -999.0f; // float :_FillValue = -999.0f; // float :actual_range = -10.0f, 3.0345693f; // float :coordinates = "xlat xlon"; :grid_mapping = "Lambert_Conformal"; float RC(time=576, y=139, x=138); :long_name = "Convective Precipitation"; :units = "mm/day"; :valid_range = -1.0f, 1500.0f; // float :missing_value = -999.0f; // float :_FillValue = -999.0f; // float :actual_range = 0.0f, 20.333576f; // float :coordinates = "xlat xlon"; :grid_mapping = "Lambert_Conformal"; float RHA(time=576, y=139, x=138); :long_name = "Relative Humidity"; :units = "fraction"; :valid_range = -0.1f, 5.0f; // float :missing_value = -999.0f; // float :_FillValue = -999.0f; // float :actual_range = 0.08249971f, 1.0f; // float :coordinates = "xlat xlon"; :grid_mapping = "Lambert_Conformal"; float RNFS(time=576, y=139, x=138); :long_name = "Surface Runoff"; :units = "mm/day"; :valid_range = -200.0f, 2000.0f; // float :missing_value = -999.0f; // float :_FillValue = -999.0f; // float :actual_range = -8.134739f, 43.53975f; // float :coordinates = "xlat xlon"; :grid_mapping = "Lambert_Conformal"; float RT(time=576, y=139, x=138); :long_name = "Total Precipitation"; :units = "mm/day"; :valid_range = -1.0f, 2500.0f; // float :missing_value = -999.0f; // float :_FillValue = -999.0f; // float :actual_range = -2.2415065E-16f, 63.780464f; // float :coordinates = "xlat xlon"; :grid_mapping = "Lambert_Conformal"; float SH(time=576, y=139, x=138); :long_name = "Sensible Heat"; :units = "W/m2"; :valid_range = -300.0f, 1000.0f; // float :missing_value = -999.0f; // float :_FillValue = -999.0f; // float :actual_range = -97.57317f, 212.8191f; // float :coordinates = "xlat xlon"; :grid_mapping = "Lambert_Conformal"; float SLP(time=576, y=139, x=138); :long_name = "Sea Level Pressure"; :units = "hPa"; :valid_range = 900.0f, 1200.0f; // float :missing_value = -999.0f; // float :_FillValue = -999.0f; // float :actual_range = 998.8222f, 1031.3446f; // float :coordinates = "xlat xlon"; :grid_mapping = "Lambert_Conformal"; float SMR(time=576, y=139, x=138); :long_name = "Root Layer Soil Moisture"; :units = "mm"; :valid_range = -1.0f, 1200.0f; // float :missing_value = -999.0f; // float :_FillValue = -999.0f; // float :actual_range = 39.01527f, 785.02374f; // float :coordinates = "xlat xlon"; :grid_mapping = "Lambert_Conformal"; float SMT(time=576, y=139, x=138); :long_name = "Total Soil Moisture"; :units = "mm"; :valid_range = 0.0f, 2000.0f; // float :missing_value = -999.0f; // float :_FillValue = -999.0f; // float :actual_range = 0.0f, 1524.3546f; // float :coordinates = "xlat xlon"; :grid_mapping = "Lambert_Conformal"; float SMU(time=576, y=139, x=138); :long_name = "Top Layer Soil Moisture"; :units = "mm"; :valid_range = -1.0f, 80.0f; // float :missing_value = -999.0f; // float :_FillValue = -999.0f; // float :actual_range = 0.01001385f, 50.99998f; // float :coordinates = "xlat xlon"; :grid_mapping = "Lambert_Conformal"; float SNOW(time=576, y=139, x=138); :long_name = "Snow Depth"; :units = "mm H2O"; :valid_range = -1.0f, 3000.0f; // float :missing_value = -999.0f; // float :_FillValue = -999.0f; // float :actual_range = 0.0f, 3000.0f; // float :coordinates = "xlat xlon"; :grid_mapping = "Lambert_Conformal"; float SWI(time=576, y=139, x=138); :long_name = "Solar Incident"; :units = "W/m2"; :valid_range = -1.0f, 1400.0f; // float :missing_value = -999.0f; // float :_FillValue = -999.0f; // float :actual_range = 9.726824f, 412.15048f; // float :coordinates = "xlat xlon"; :grid_mapping = "Lambert_Conformal"; float SWN(time=576, y=139, x=138); :long_name = "Net Solar Absorbed"; :units = "W/m2"; :valid_range = -1.0f, 1200.0f; // float :missing_value = -999.0f; // float :_FillValue = -999.0f; // float :actual_range = 6.138614f, 358.5191f; // float :coordinates = "xlat xlon"; :grid_mapping = "Lambert_Conformal"; float T0(time=576, y=139, x=138); :long_name = "Number of days T < 0C"; :units = "count"; :valid_range = 0.0f, 300.0f; // float :missing_value = -999.0f; // float :_FillValue = -999.0f; // float :actual_range = 0.0f, 31.0f; // float :coordinates = "xlat xlon"; :grid_mapping = "Lambert_Conformal"; float T33(time=576, y=139, x=138); :long_name = "Number of days T > 33C"; :units = "count"; :valid_range = 0.0f, 300.0f; // float :missing_value = -999.0f; // float :_FillValue = -999.0f; // float :actual_range = 0.0f, 31.0f; // float :coordinates = "xlat xlon"; :grid_mapping = "Lambert_Conformal"; float TAMAXA(time=576, y=139, x=138); :long_name = "Absolute Max Aneom Temperature"; :units = "C"; :valid_range = -60.0f, 60.0f; // float :missing_value = -999.0f; // float :_FillValue = -999.0f; // float :actual_range = -8.460297f, 55.80481f; // float :coordinates = "xlat xlon"; :grid_mapping = "Lambert_Conformal"; float TAMAX(time=576, y=139, x=138); :long_name = "Avg Max Aneom Temperature"; :units = "C"; :valid_range = -60.0f, 60.0f; // float :missing_value = -999.0f; // float :_FillValue = -999.0f; // float :actual_range = -39.709377f, 48.06592f; // float :coordinates = "xlat xlon"; :grid_mapping = "Lambert_Conformal"; float TAMINA(time=576, y=139, x=138); :long_name = "Absolute Min Aneom Temperature"; :units = "C"; :valid_range = -60.0f, 60.0f; // float :missing_value = -999.0f; // float :_FillValue = -999.0f; // float :actual_range = -45.408203f, 28.1604f; // float :coordinates = "xlat xlon"; :grid_mapping = "Lambert_Conformal"; float TAMIN(time=576, y=139, x=138); :long_name = "Avg Min Aneom Temperature"; :units = "C"; :valid_range = -60.0f, 60.0f; // float :missing_value = -999.0f; // float :_FillValue = -999.0f; // float :actual_range = -48.41331f, 32.939716f; // float :coordinates = "xlat xlon"; :grid_mapping = "Lambert_Conformal"; float TA(time=576, y=139, x=138); :long_name = "Aneom Temperature"; :units = "C"; :valid_range = -60.0f, 60.0f; // float :missing_value = -999.0f; // float :_FillValue = -999.0f; // float :actual_range = -20.394531f, 40.724396f; // float :coordinates = "xlat xlon"; :grid_mapping = "Lambert_Conformal"; float TF(time=576, y=139, x=138); :long_name = "Foliage Temperature"; :units = "C"; :valid_range = -60.0f, 60.0f; // float :missing_value = -999.0f; // float :_FillValue = -999.0f; // float :actual_range = -21.846375f, 40.629578f; // float :coordinates = "xlat xlon"; :grid_mapping = "Lambert_Conformal"; float TG(time=576, y=139, x=138); :long_name = "Ground Temperature"; :units = "C"; :valid_range = -60.0f, 60.0f; // float :missing_value = -999.0f; // float :_FillValue = -999.0f; // float :actual_range = -24.546143f, 40.89456f; // float :coordinates = "xlat xlon"; :grid_mapping = "Lambert_Conformal"; float TOTCLOUD(time=576, y=139, x=138); :long_name = "Total Cloud Cover"; :units = "fraction"; :valid_range = 0.0f, 1.1f; // float :missing_value = -999.0f; // float :_FillValue = -999.0f; // float :actual_range = 0.0f, 0.9985791f; // float :coordinates = "xlat xlon"; :grid_mapping = "Lambert_Conformal"; float TOTRNF(time=576, y=139, x=138); :long_name = "Total Runoff"; :units = "m^3/s"; :valid_range = -10.0f, 50000.0f; // float :missing_value = -999.0f; // float :_FillValue = -999.0f; // float :actual_range = -10.0f, 113.384766f; // float :coordinates = "xlat xlon"; :grid_mapping = "Lambert_Conformal"; float UA(time=576, y=139, x=138); :long_name = "Aneom Eastward Wind"; :units = "m/s"; :valid_range = -50.0f, 50.0f; // float :missing_value = -999.0f; // float :_FillValue = -999.0f; // float :actual_range = -8.492592f, 12.974408f; // float :coordinates = "xlat xlon"; :grid_mapping = "Lambert_Conformal"; float UMAG6(time=576, y=139, x=138); :long_name = "3-hr Wind Velocity > 6m/s"; :units = "count"; :valid_range = 0.0f, 300.0f; // float :missing_value = -999.0f; // float :_FillValue = -999.0f; // float :actual_range = 0.0f, 248.0f; // float :coordinates = "xlat xlon"; :grid_mapping = "Lambert_Conformal"; float VA(time=576, y=139, x=138); :long_name = "Aneom Northward Wind"; :units = "m/s"; :valid_range = -50.0f, 50.0f; // float :missing_value = -999.0f; // float :_FillValue = -999.0f; // float :actual_range = -12.055851f, 10.461685f; // float :coordinates = "xlat xlon"; :grid_mapping = "Lambert_Conformal"; float W10MX(time=576, y=139, x=138); :long_name = "Max 10m Wind Speed"; :units = "m/s"; :valid_range = -500.0f, 500.0f; // float :missing_value = -999.0f; // float :_FillValue = -999.0f; // float :actual_range = 1.5847702f, 16.358652f; // float :coordinates = "xlat xlon"; :grid_mapping = "Lambert_Conformal"; float ZPBL(time=576, y=139, x=138); :long_name = "PBL Height"; :units = "m"; :valid_range = -1.0f, 6000.0f; // float :missing_value = -999.0f; // float :_FillValue = -999.0f; // float :actual_range = 48.878082f, 1724.2236f; // float :coordinates = "xlat xlon"; :grid_mapping = "Lambert_Conformal"; float topo(y=139, x=138); :long_name = "RegCM Topography"; :units = "meters"; :coordinates = "xlat xlon"; :grid_mapping = "Lambert_Conformal"; :missing_value = -999.0f; // float :actual_range = 0.0f, 3538.344f; // float float veg(y=139, x=138); :long_name = "BATS surface type codes"; :code_1 = "1=Crop, 2=Short Grass, 3=Ev Needle, 4=Decid Needle, 5=Decid Broad, 6=Ev Broad"; :code_2 = "7=Tall Grass, 8=Desert, 9=Tundra, 10=Irr Crop,11=Semi-desert, 12=Land Ice"; :code_3 = "13=Bog/Marsh, 14=Inland Water, 15=Ocean, 16=Ev Shrub, 17=Decid Shrub, 18=Mixed Forest"; :actual_range = 1.0f, 19.0f; // float :coordinates = "xlat xlon"; :grid_mapping = "Lambert_Conformal"; // global attributes: :version = "5.1"; :runtitle = "RegCM3+BATS"; :driving_GCM = "NCEP Reanalysis II"; :model_date_Convention = "Serial Months"; :time_Convention = "Calandar is actual"; :domain = "PSW 138X139 grid points, 18 vertical levels"; :center_latitude = "= N35.0000"; :center_longitude = "= -118.700"; :grid_spacing = "= 15000 m"; :projection = "Lambert conformal conic"; :standard_parallels = "N30 and N60 degrees"; :author = "S Hostetler, J Alder, US Geological Survey"; :History = "Code modified 2/17/2012"; :Conventions = "CF-1.0"; :ArcGIS = "Compliant v9.2 and higher"; :license = "All model datasets are freely available and are intended for further climate-related scientific research. Although these data have been processed successfully on a computer system at the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), no warranty expressed or implied is made regarding the display or utility of the data on any other system, or for general or scientific purposes, nor shall the act of distribution constitute any such warranty. The USGS shall not be held liable for improper or incorrect use of the data described and/or contained herein."; :title = "USGS Dynamical Downscaled Regional Climate - V1.0 - Pacific Southwest - NOAA NCEP"; :summary = "We have completed an array of high-resolution simulations of present and future climate over Western North America (WNA) and Eastern North America (ENA) by dynamically downscaling global climate simulations using a regional climate model, RegCM3. The simulations are intended to provide long time series of internally consistent surface and atmospheric variables for use in climate-related research. In addition to providing high-resolution weather and climate data for the past, present, and future, we have developed an integrated data flow and methodology for processing, summarizing, viewing, and delivering the climate datasets to a wide range of potential users. Our simulations were run over 50- and 15-kilometer model grids in an attempt to capture more of the climatic detail associated with processes such as topographic forcing than can be captured by general circulation models (GCMs). The simulations were run using output from four GCMs. All simulations span the present (for example, 1968 to 1999), common periods of the future (2040 to 2069), and two simulations continuously cover 2010 to 2099. The trace gas concentrations in our simulations were the same as those of the GCMs: the IPCC 20th century time series for 1968 to 1999 and the A2 time series for simulations of the future. We demonstrate that RegCM3 is capable of producing present day annual and seasonal climatologies of air temperature and precipitation that are in good agreement with observations. Important features of the high-resolution climatology of temperature, precipitation, snow water equivalent (SWE), and soil moisture are consistently reproduced in all model runs over WNA and ENA. The simulations provide a potential range of future climate change for selected decades and display common patterns of the direction and magnitude of changes. As expected, there are some model to model differences that limit interpretability and give rise to uncertainties. Here, we provide background information about the GCMs and the RegCM3, a basic evaluation of the model output and examples of simulated future climate. We also provide information needed to access the web applications for visualizing and downloading the data, and give complete metadata that describe the variables in the datasets."; :keywords = "Regional Climate,Dynamical Downscaling,A2,United States,Canada,Climate,RegCM3,MPI ECHAM5,USGS GENMOM,GFDL CM2.0,NOAA NCEP"; :acknowledgment = "Hostetler, S.W., Alder, J.R., and Allan, A.M., 2011, Dynamically downscaled climate simulations over North America: Methods, evaluation, and supporting documentation for users: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2011-1238, 64 p."; :naming_authority = "usgs.gov"; :cdm_data_type = "Grid"; :time = "2012-08-07"; :creator_name = "Steve Hostetler"; :creator_url = "http://regclim.coas.oregonstate.edu"; :creator_email = "gs-w-or_regclim@usgs.gov"; :publisher_name = "U.S. Geological Survey"; :publisher_url = "http://regclim.coas.oregonstate.edu"; :publisher_email = "gs-w-or_regclim@usgs.gov"; :institution = "U.S. Geological Survey / College of Oceanic and Atmospheric Sciences, Oregon State University"; :contributors = "Steve Hostetler,Jay Alder,Andrea Allan"; :id = "RegCM3_Monthly_psw_NCEP"; }